



Welcome to an exploration of Emirati Culture through its traditional attire. As we begin, we invite you to consider the origins, significance, and evolution of Emirati costumes—a topic that resonates deeply with those intrigued by cultural heritage and identity.
Throughout this article, we’ll explore three key insights that shed light on the history and significance of Emirati costumes. The first insight is the ‘Evolution of Emirati Costume’. The second insight involves examining the unique styles and fabrics that characterize traditional, formal, and casual Emirati attire. Lastly, we’ll explore ‘Emirati Costume in Different Ceremonies’
Join us as we uncover the threads that connect tradition, innovation, and identity in the vibrant world of Emirati fashion.
1. Historical Root
Evolution of Emirati Costume

In the early days, the traditional dress was made from wool or cotton and was designed to protect the wearer from the harsh desert environment. However, as the country modernized, the dress became more comfortable and fashionable.
Today, the traditional dress is made from lightweight fabrics such as cotton and polyester, making it more suitable for the hot and humid climate of the UAE.
The UAE’s traditional dress has also been influenced by the country’s Islamic heritage. The dress is designed to be modest, covering the body from head to toe. The dress is a symbol of the country’s cultural identity and is worn with great pride by Emirati men and women.

2. Emirati Costume Styles
Traditional Emirati Costume

Emirati costume is an essential part of the country’s rich cultural heritage. The traditional dress of Emirati men and women is designed to protect them from the harsh desert climate while also reflecting their cultural identity.
Emirati men wear a long white robe known as the Kandura or Dishdasha. This ankle-length garment is made of light cotton or linen fabric and is designed to keep the wearer cool in the hot desert climate. The Kandura is usually accompanied by a headscarf known as the Ghutra and a black cord called the Agal, which holds the Ghutra in place.
Emirati women’s traditional dress is known as the Abaya. It is a long, flowing gown that covers the whole body except for the feet, face, and hands. The Abaya is usually made of black crepe or cotton fabric and is worn over everyday clothing for modesty.
While Emirati men’s traditional dress is mostly white, Emirati women’s traditional dress is usually black. The Abaya is designed to be loose-fitting and comfortable, allowing women to move freely while still adhering to traditional dress codes.
The traditional dress of the UAE is deeply rooted in the country’s culture and heritage. Emirati men and women take pride in wearing their traditional dress, which reflects their identity and values.
Formal Emirati Costume

In formal settings, Emirati men and women wear traditional dress that reflects their cultural heritage and customs. It is usually paired with a headscarf called a Ghutra, which is held in place by a black rope called an Agal. The Ghutra is often white or red and is folded in a specific way to create a triangular shape that sits on top of the head.
Emirati women wear a long black gown called an Abaya, which is often made of crepe or cotton and covers the whole body except for the feet, face, and hands. Some women also wear a headscarf called a Shayla, which is wrapped around the head and neck.
In formal settings, Emirati men may also wear a Bisht, which is a long flowing cloak made of wool or silk and is usually worn over the Kandura. The Bisht is often embroidered with gold or silver thread and is a symbol of wealth and status.
Emirati women may also wear a Jalabiya, which is a long dress that is often made of silk and adorned with intricate embroidery and vibrant colors. The Jalabiya is often worn with a headscarf and is a symbol of elegance and femininity.
Casual Emirati Costume

Traditional Emirati Clothing has undergone a creative transformation in recent years, with designers incorporating modern elements into the classic design. The result is a trendy and sophisticated look that has become increasingly popular among Emirati women.
In terms of design, they emphasize fashionable cuts, asymmetrical styles, and innovative layering techniques, appealing to a younger demographic while honoring Emirati cultural norms. The color palette expands beyond traditional neutrals to include pastels, vibrant shades, and occasionally metallic tones, catering to modern tastes.
Alongside traditional attire, Emirati women also adopt modern casual wear such as shorts, crop tops, and jeans. Accessories play a crucial role, with women opting for stylish handbags, contemporary gold-based jewelry, and trendy footwear to complement their outfits.
Meanwhile, men enhance their contemporary look with modern watches, sunglasses, and sophisticated shoes, contributing to an overall fashionable appearance.
See Also Emirati Culture
3. Emirati Costume in Different Ceremonies
Wedding

Weddings in Emirati culture are vibrant celebrations blending love with tradition, where attire plays a central role. Traditional dress is an essential aspect of Emirati weddings, with the bride and groom typically wearing elaborate outfits that reflect their family’s heritage and social status.
Henna nights, also known as “Laylat Al Henna,” are a significant part of Emirati wedding traditions. During these nights, the bride and her female family members and friends gather to apply henna on their hands and feet. The event is a celebration of love and beauty, and the traditional Emirati dress plays a vital role in creating the perfect atmosphere.
Emirati women often wear a thobe al-arus, a long, flowing dress made from luxurious fabrics with intricate embroidery. The thobe al-arus is a symbol of purity and grace and is typically worn with a matching headscarf. Women may also wear a traditional veil called a burqa, which covers the face and is often made of sheer fabric with intricate embroidery.
Emirati men wear a kandura, a long white robe that is typically made from lightweight cotton or linen, and a bisht, a long flowing cloak made from wool or silk. The Bisht is often embroidered and may be worn over the Kandura for special occasions such as weddings. Men may also wear traditional footwear called na-aal, a sandal made from leather or camel hide.
During the wedding ceremony, the bride and groom may change their outfits several times to reflect different aspects of their heritage and family traditions.
For example, the bride may wear a henna dress, which is typically made from silk and embroidered with intricate designs. The groom may wear a traditional headpiece called a ghutra, which is made from cotton or silk and is often held in place by a black rope called an agal.
Festivals

Emirati festivals are a great opportunity to witness the traditional dress of the UAE. During Eid, National Day, and Al Nahyan Festival, Emirati men and women wear their national dress with pride.
The traditional dress for men is the Kandura. It is worn with a headscarf, called a ghutra, and held in place with a black cord called an agal. Emirati men also wear a bisht on special occasions. The Bisht is usually worn over the Kandura and adds an elegant touch to the outfit.
Emirati women wear a traditional dress, the abaya. The abaya is often decorated with intricate embroidery and embellishments. Women also wear a headscarf, called a shayla, to cover their hair. The shayla is usually made of lightweight fabric and comes in a variety of colors.
During festivals, both men and women wear their national dress with pride and add accessories to complete their look. Women wear beautiful jewelry, such as gold bangles and necklaces, while men wear a traditional curved dagger, called a khanjar, as a symbol of their heritage.
The UAE traditional dress is a symbol of national pride and cultural identity. Emirati men wear their national dress to work, while women wear it to formal events and gatherings. The traditional dress is also worn during weddings, where the bride and groom often wear matching outfits.
See Also Traditional Emirati Clothing
Cultural Performances and Heritage Events

In cultural performances and heritage events, Emirati costumes play a significant role. Traditional Emirati performances include individuals and groups who perform across disciplines such as dance, song, music, and poetry. These performances showcase the rich cultural heritage of the UAE and are often accompanied by traditional Emirati music.
The UAE traditional dress is also commonly worn during national holidays and special occasions. For example, during the annual National Day celebrations, Emiratis dress in their traditional attire and participate in cultural events and parades.
Emirati costumes are not limited to traditional dress, as modern Emirati fashion designers are also incorporating traditional elements into their designs. Feryal Al Bastaki, an Emirati fashion designer, creates designs that integrate art, heritage, and modernity.
Her designs are currently exhibited in Zeman Awwal, a cultural space dedicated to the UAE’s heritage at the Mall of the Emirates.

Emirati Costume: A Recap
Emirati costume epitomizes the timeless elegance and cultural richness of the UAE, with each attire weaving a narrative of tradition and heritage. From the intricate embroidery of the Liwa dress to the dignified simplicity of the Kandura, Emirati traditional dress reflects a deep-rooted connection to local customs and identity.
Over the years, Emirati attire has evolved, blending traditional craftsmanship with modern aesthetics while preserving its cultural significance. Whether adorned with delicate embellishments or styled with traditional accessories like the Matha’af or Egal, these garments symbolize pride, unity, and celebration in Emirati society.
By wearing Emirati costumes, individuals not only honor their heritage but also contribute to the ongoing legacy of Emirati fashion and identity, ensuring its enduring place in the spectrum of global cultural expression.
FAQ
Emirati women traditionally wear a variety of garments including the Jalabiya, an elegant and flowing dress often embellished with intricate embroidery. Another essential piece is the Abaya, a loose-fitting black cloak worn over regular clothing as a symbol of modesty.
The Ghutra is a traditional square-shaped headdress worn folded into a triangle and held in place by the Egal, a black cord. This attire is symbolic of Bedouin heritage and serves practical purposes, protecting the head from the sun and sand in the desert environment.
Modern influences have brought innovations to Emirati traditional dress, such as incorporating contemporary cuts, fabrics, and colors. While maintaining the essence of cultural identity, these updates have made Emirati attire more versatile and appealing to younger generations.