8. In-Situ Resource Utilization
Imagine astronauts on Mars making their own oxygen, water, and fuel right from the planet’s resources; no need to carry everything from Earth. This is the power of In-Situ Resource Utilization, a game-changing technology that could make human life on Mars sustainable and affordable. By turning Martian air and soil into essentials, ISRU transforms Mars exploration from a dream into a feasible future.